ABSTRACT
The purpose of our present study is to test antimicrobial and antifungal activity of polyherbal formulations. The testing of the antimicrobial activity on polyhernal formulation was done against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and gram negative (Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli,) bacteria. The testing of antifungal activity was done against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans with different combinations of polyherbal formulation. The microorganism to be tested was grown in relevant nutritional media. The solvent used for the extraction of Moringa oleifera, Viola odorata, Allium sativum was methanol. These methanolic extracts of chosen plants were further used in specific proportions for the preparation of polyherbal formulation (PF-1, PF-2, and PF-3). The resultant compositions were further used to check the efficacy against selected experimental microorganisms. PF-3 showed the significant high zone of inhibition against all the experimental microorganisms as compared to the other two combinations PF-1 and PF-2. Thus, the result has revealed that the antimicrobial activity is due to the synergistic effect of secondary metabolites present in these selected plants.
ABSTRACT
Background: The diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic ischemic necrosis of head of femur needs the anatomy of medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) which is the main source for the blood supply of head of femur. As it gives the muscular perforators its knowledge is important in the posteromedial cutaneous flap (gracilis flap). In the femoral artery obstruction, MCFA takes bypass route for the blood supply of lower limb as it forms anastomosis with branches of other arteries. Objectives: The study describes the origin and course of the medial circumflex artery. Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 lower limbs from embalmed human cadavers from the Department of Anatomy, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru. Femoral triangle was dissected and the medial circumflex artery and branches were traced. Results: The study describes that in 8-10% cases MCFA showed variations whereas in 90-92% cases the MCFA has taken normal origin and course.
ABSTRACT
Fertilisation takes place in the lumen of fallopian tube, from where, aided by the ciliated columnar epithelium of the tube, the fertilised ovum makes its way into uterine cavity and the implantation occurs. The passage of fertilised ovum into uterine cavity is delayed or obstructed by developmental, mechanical or other defects which lead to tubal gestation. The incidence varies from 1 in 300 to 1 in 150 pregnancies and it contributes significantly to the maternal mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis and therapy has helped to reduce the maternal death due to ectopic pregnancy. However, study on histological changes of early ectopic pregnancy are rather scarce and therefore, the present study was conducted on 25 patients of ectopic pregnancy specimens observed for the mode and extent of invasion of chorionic villi, and the histological changes in wall of the fallopian tubes to evaluate the causes of early tubal rupture as well as estimation of gestational age by the study of chorionic villi.
ABSTRACT
An attempt has been made to find out correlation and to drive a regression formula between the length of humerus and height of an individual, in western region of Maharashtra. The material consisted of 200 undergraduate and post-graduate medical students of age group 20 to 30 years from western region of Maharashtra. The length of humerus is measured by asking the subject to flex the elbow joint. The flexor surfaces of arm and forearm made an angle of 90 degree. The lateral epicondyle was felt and marked with skin marking pencil. Acromion point was traced by moving finger over clavicle’s lateral end and was marked. The distance between two points was measured by spreading caliper, both side humerus length was taken. The measured length was subtracted by 2.0 mm as the acromion point is 2 to 5 mm above humeral head. Height of the subject was measured with standard height measuring instrument in anatomical position. The results obtained were analyzed and attempt was made to derive a formula between length of humerus and total height of an individual. The result shows that there is definite correlation between the two.
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to investigate the in alloxan (120 mg/kg b.wt) induced diabetic rats. The ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Mollugo nudicaulis (200mg/kg) administered orally to the diabetic rats for 21 days, produced significant decrease in the level of blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), lipid peroxidation, liver glycogen, serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and liver marker enzymes such as AST, ALT, ALP. It also produced significant increase in High density lipoprotein (HDL), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), Reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamin C, which clearly show the antioxidant property of extract. The effect of the ethanolic the extract of Mollugo nudicaulis was compared with the standard drug Glibenclamide (1.25mg/kg b.wt).
ABSTRACT
The Coimbatore city due to its climatic conditions and industrial development is experiencing an exponential growth in the vehicular usage and fuel consumption. On the other hand, the existing weather pattern of the city is not favourable for the dispersion of pollutants. This paper presents the evolution of SPM forecasting models for the prediction of SPM one week in advance. Time series neural networks approach is used for modelling. The input variables are the meteorological parameters, the concentration of SPM one week before and the concentration of SPM on the monitoring day. The evolved models of SPM for selected monitoring stations will be useful for the effective functioning of the air quality management programme.